The main cause of earthquakes is the movement of tectonic plates. Earth's outermost layer, or lithosphere, is divided into several large plates that constantly move and interact with one another. When two plates collide or slide past each other, the energy that has built up in the rock along their boundaries is released in the form of seismic waves, which we experience as earthquakes.
Earthquakes can also be caused by other factors, such as volcanic activity, landslides, or man-made activities such as drilling or the construction of large dams. However, the vast majority of earthquakes are the result of tectonic plate movement.
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